Subdomains differ from actual domains only by further digits or letters. For example the picture search images.google.com is a subdomain of the domain www.google.com. A domain can have multiple subdomains. You can use subdomains in search engine optimization. You can use them as the actual domain in search engines. The traffic of a website can be increased by subdomains considerably, since the search engine robots also browse to the sites of the subdomain. But you shouldn't exaggerate with the use of subdomains. But if you do, your side might be considered as spam, and thus would be deleted from the index of the search engine and will not be resumed. It is no longer searchable by search engines.